Air supply and exhaust duct system in a building

ABSTRACT

Air supply and exhaust duct system for a combustion apparatus having upper and a lower parallel ducts passing horizontally through a building at the upper and the lower part thereof and a vertical duct connecting the upper and lower horizontal ducts within the building and having an &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;I&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; shape structure.

United States Patent [191 Otsuka et al.

[ AIR SUPPLY AND EXHAUST DUCT SYSTEM IN A BUILDING [75] Inventors:Katsuhiko ()tsuka; Tak ao Katayama, both of Tokyo, Japan [73] Assignce:Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan [22] Filed: Aug. 29, 1972[2]] Appl. No.: 284,755

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Mar. 28, I972 Japan 47-31016 [52]US. Cl. 98/32, 98/33 [51] Int. Cl F24f 13/00 [58] Field of Search..'98/32, 33 A, 33 R [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Burnett98/32 Apr. 2, 1974 533,454 2/l895 802,87] l()/ I 905 960,92l 6/l9l0l,8l4,979 7/l93l 3,354,946 ll/l967 3,380,369 4/1968 Allander 62 265Primary Examiner-William J. Wye Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Wenderoth, Lind& Ponack [57] ABSTRACT Air supply and exhaust duct system for acombustion apparatus having upper and a lower parallel ducts passinghorizontally through a building at the upper and the lower part thereofand a vertical duct connecting the upper and lower horizontal ductswithin the building and having an I shape structure.

1 Claim, 3 Drawing Figures SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The presentinvention relates to an air supply and exhaust duct system for acombustion apparatus which is used in a multistoried building or askyscraper.

Closed type combustion apparatus, such as boilers, stoves and ranges,are supplied with air for combustion through the pipeline from the openair and the exhaust gases of combustion are exhausted through the pipeline into the open air. I I

Such combustion systems have several benefits. First, they dont polluteair within a the room, and secondly they are quite safe in use and donot cause, fires. Consequently there are many kinds of combustionapparatus of this type using oil or gas as fuel.

The system has disadvantages however. As the closed type combustionapparatus are provided with their own inlet and exhaust ports, a lot ofinlet and exhasut ports are exposed on the'walls of the building wheremany closed-type apparatus are used, which may spoil the beauty of thebuilding. In addition, a multi-storied building or a skyscraper is aptto be influenced by wind pressure, which has an adverse influence oncombustion apparatus.

There have been heretofore proposed somecommon duct systems in abuilding in order that the problems mentioned abovemay be solved, whichare described below. 1

The prior art duct shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a horizontal duct Lat the lower part of a building which passes through the building and avertical duct P thereon, in which the inlet and the exhaust port of theclosed type combustion apparatus 7 are so designed as to burn airsupplied through the lower horizontal duct L in the vertical duct andexhaust the exhaust gas into the vertical duct P and then from the topthereof into the open air.

But the inlet port of the lower horizontal duct L, through which air issupplied, and the top of the vertical duct P are situated far apart andparticularly in a multistoried building where the lower horizontal ductL is far away from the top of the vertical duct P, there is a bigdifference between the Wind pressures, which may adversely effectthecombustion of the apparatus.

Another defect of this type of duct system is that the amount of usablebuilding space is diminished enlargement of the crosssectional area ofthe duct as the number of stories of the building increases.

FIG. 3 illustrates a second type of prior art duct, where air inlet andexhaust ports are provided on the roof of the building, and U-sha'peduct X is constructed within the building so as to expose the inlet andexhaust ports of the closed type combustion apparatus in said duct likethe first described duct.

The second duct is less influenced by wind pressure than the firstdescribed duct is, but it has the same shortcomings in that thecross-sectional area of the duct must be enlarged proportionally to thenumber of floors of the building.

The present invention is proposed to overcome the defects of the abovedescribed prior art ducts, and the following will be its objects.

The first object of the present invention is to propose an air supplyand exhaust duct'system which is least influenced by wind pressure.

The second object of the present invention is to control theproportional enlargement of the cross-sectional area of the duct to thenumber of stories of the build ing.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE'DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of thepresent invention, where an I-shape duct consisting of an upper and alower horizontal duct and a vertical duct is provided on each blockconsisting of several stories of a' highstoried building.

FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art duct.

FIG. 3 is a view of a second type of prior art duct.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION the lower horizontal duct andexhaust it from the upper horizontal duct.

Specifically l designates a high-storied building, 2 designates a floorthereof and 3 shows an I-shape duct provided on each block, a, b, 0,consisting of seven sto- -ries of the multistoried building, which I-shape duct is constituted as follows. Upper horizontal duct 5 and thelower horizontal duct 4 pass through the building and the vertical duct6 connects the upper horizontal duct 5 and the lower horizontal duct 4within the building. A-A' show the open parts of the upper horizontalduct 5 and B-B' show the open parts of the lower horizontal duct 4. Inthe vertical duct 6, a fan may be attached in order to generate anascending air current within the duct 6.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a closed type combustion apparatus, whoseinlet and exhaust ports are exposed respectively inside the verticalduct 6.

In this closed type combustion apparatus using gas or oil as fuel, thecombustion parts of portions of the system them are closed and air forcombustion is supplied through the pipeline from the open air and theexhaust gas of combustion is exhausted through the pipeline into theopen air.

The air for combustion may be supplied forcibly by fan or through awidened pipeline naturally due to pressure differential. The closed typecombustion apparatus are used for boilers, ranges and stoves and so onat present, as described above.

The embodiment mentioned above is the one in which an I-shape ductsystem is constructed on each block consisting of several stories of ahigh-stories building. In such a case, it is also considered that theI-shape duct is constructed on every floor. in which the cross-sectionalarea of the bust can be small.

The following will explain how the present invention works.

Each closed type combustion apparatus 7 is supplied 7 with air forcombustion through the vertical duct 6 and exhausts the exhaust gas ofcombustion into the vertical duct 6. According to the temperature of theexhausted gas, an ascending air current is generated in the verticalduct 6, and it is exhausted from the open part of the upper horizontalduct 5, A or A into the open air.

In addition, in order to accelerate the ascending air current, a fan maybe attached in the vertical duct 6 or in the upper horizontal duct 5, bywhich an ascending air current may be generated.

Next, when the open part A of the upper horizontal duct and the openpart B of the lower horizontal duct 4 on the wall of the building areinfluenced by wind pressure from the direction of the arrow shown inFIG. 1, this wind pressure has no influence in the vertical duct 6 andmerely passes horizontally through the building from A to A and from Bto B. Therefore, that this wind pressure does not adversely influenceapparatus 7.

The present invention comprises an l-shape duct system consisting of theupper horizontal duct 5 and the lower horizontal duct 4 and a verticalduct 6 connecting said ducts, in which wind pressure has'no influencesin the vertical duct. Each apparatus 7 is able to maintain stablecombustion with no influence of wind pressure on combustion.

Moreover, it is possible to minimize the volume which the duct in abuilding occupies by providing 1- shape duct on each block, consistingof several stories a vertical pipe located within said building andconnected between said first and second horizontal pipes; and

a combustion apparatus located within said building and operativelyconnected to said vertical pipe, whereby air is supplied to saidapparatus from said first horizontal pipe and gases of combustion areexhausted from said apparatus into said vertical pipe, thereby creatingan ascending air current whereby said gas of combustion are carried tosaid second horizontal pipe and exhausted therefrom.

1. A system for supplying air to and exhausting gases from a closedcombustion apparatus for use in a multistoried building, comprising: afirst horizontal pipe extending completely through said building andopen on both sides thereof; a second horizontal pipe extendingcompletely through said building, said second pipe being above saidfirst pipe and being open on both ends thereof; a vertical pipe locatedwithin said building and connected between said first and secondhorizontal pipes; and a combustion apparatus located within saidbuilding and operatively connected to said vertical pipe, whereby air issupplied to said apparatus from said first horizontal pipe and gases ofcombustion are exhausted from said apparatus into said vertical pipe,thereby creating an ascending air current whereby said gas of combustionare carried to said second horizontal pipe and exhausted therefrom.